Wednesday, August 6, 2008

Gospel Authorship

In response to the assertion of modern Historical Criticism that the Gospel writers were dependent upon one another or upon some other text (namely, the Two-Source Theory or Four-Source Theory), and, therefore, the historical accuracy (and thus the full inspiration and inerrancy) of the Gospels is brought into question; I am making this statement in full favor of the Independent Authorship of the four Canonical Gospels (namely, Matthew, Mark, Luke and John).

First, I believe in the full divine inspiration, inerrancy and infallibility of Scripture which is comprised of the sixty-six books of the Old and New Testaments. I believe that this Scripture is the full and sufficient Word of God.

Second, I believe that sufficient evidence exists to confidently take the position that each of the Gospel writers, Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, are the true writers of the Gospels and that they wrote independently of one another by the full inspiration of the Holy Spirit; therefore, their respective Gospel accounts are historically accurate, true and completely trustworthy.

The testimony of the early church fathers concerning the independent authorship of the Gospels is superbly represented in the words of John Chrysostom (347-407):

And why can it have been, that when there were so many disciples, two write only from among the apostles, and two from among their followers? (For one that was a disciple of Paul, and another of Peter, together with Matthew and John, wrote the Gospels.) It was because they did nothing for vainglory, but all things for use.
What then? Was not one evangelist sufficient to tell all? One indeed was sufficient; but if there be four that write, not at the same times, nor in the same places, neither after having met together, and conversed one with another, and then they speak all things as it were out of one mouth, this becomes a very great demonstration of truth.
But the contrary, it may be said, hath come to pass, for in many places they are convicted of discordance. Nay, this very thing is a very great evidence of their truth. For if they had agreed in all things exactly even to time, and place, and to the very words, none of our enemies would have believed but that they had met together, and had written what they wrote by some human compact; because such entire agreement as this cometh not of simplicity. But now even that discordance which seems to exist in little matters delivers them from all suspicion, and speaks clearly in behalf of the character of the writers.
But if there be anything touching times or places, which they have related differently, this nothing injures the truth of what they have said. And these things too, so far as God shall enable us, we will endeavor, as we proceed, to point out; requiring you, together with what we have mentioned, to observe, that in the chief heads, those which constitute our life and furnish out our doctrine, nowhere is any of them found to have disagreed, no not ever so little.
(Homilies of St. John Chrysostom on the Gospel according to St. Matthew)

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